From your goal node status -d data output I see that algod is running (although it looks stuck because the “Last committed block” is old and “Sync time” is not increasing (until fully syncedd). Also, this node is connected to the MainNet as indicated by “Genesis ID” and “Genesis hash”. If you want to connect to TestNet or BetaNet, please review Switching Networks documentation.
Let’s restart your node:
goal node restart -d data
Next, let’s execute goal node status -d data a couple of times about 5 seconds apart. We expect to see the “Sync Time” value increasing. Then, let’s perform the fast catchup:
goal node catchup $CATCHUP -d data
Notice that you are executing goal from the ~/node directory. Your MainNet data folder is actually at ~/node/data